Landmark Poll

Goal

In the framework of the SOCOVIFI project, we have developed a simple computer application useful for studying the precision and variability of different forensic experts when locating cephalometric landmarks in different photos.

Methodology

The idea is to localize, using the "Pencil" tool, those cephalometric landmarks you can clearly and precisely place. This is the most interesting point in this poll. However, for those landmarks you are not able (or not confident) to locate in a precise way in the specific photo (due to characteristics such as pose, occlusions, illumination conditions, etc.), the application provides another kind of mark, ellipse shape with variable size. This tool is used for indicating that the corresponding landmarks are somewhere located inside that oval area. For example, this kind of mark will be useful to locate the vertex, whose location is usually very difficult to determine due to presence of hair in the head.

Used landmarks

• Alare (al): The most lateral point on the alar contour.
• Ectocanthion (Ec): The point at the outer corner (lateral canthus) of the palpebral fissure just medial to the malar tubercle (of Whitnall) to which the lateral palpebral ligaments are attached.
• Endocanthion (En): The point at the inner commissure (medial canthus) of the palpebral ¯ssure.
• Glabella (g'): In the midline, the most prominent point between the eyebrows.
• Gnathion (gn'): The point on the soft tissue chin midway between Pog and Me.
• Gonion (go'): The most lateral point of the jawline at the mandibular angle.
• Menton (Me): The lowest point on the MSP of the soft tissue chin.
• Nasion (n): In the midline, the point of maximum concavity between the nose and forehead. Frontally, this point is located at the midpoint of a tangent between the right and left superior palpebral folds.
• Pogonion (pog'): The most anterior point of the soft tissue chin.
• Labiale inferius (Li): The midpoint on the vermilion line of the lower lip.
• Labiale superius (Ls): The midpoint on the vermilion line of the upper lip.
• Subnasale (sn): The midpoint of the columella base at the angle where the lower border of the nasal septum meets the upper lip.
• Tragion (t) Point in the notch just above the tragus of the ear; it lies 1 to 2 mm below the spine of the helix, which can be palpated.
• Zygion (Zy'): The most lateral point of the check (zygomaticomalar) region.

Download Landmarks.jpg

Download Landmarker v3 application

Click the next link to download all the necessary materials to run the program. Unfortunately, the user guide is only in Spanish, but we will write an English version sooner:

Download Landmarker-current.zip

In order to use the application you will need a login and a password. To get your account data or for any question, doubt or suggestion, please do not hesitate to contact us by the following e-mail: oscar.ibanez@sofcomputing.es

Results

Results from this poll will made available here soon.